The Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, commonly referred to as the Juvenile Justice Act, is a legal framework in India that focuses on the care, protection, and rehabilitation of children in conflict with the law and those in need of care and protection. The primary objective of the Act is to ensure that the rights and well-being of children are safeguarded and that they are treated in a manner that is in line with their best interests. The Juvenile Justice Act underwent significant amendments in 2015, which brought about important changes in the way juvenile offenders are treated within the legal system. Some key features of the Act include: Definition of Juvenile: The Act defines a "juvenile" as a child below the age of 18 years. This means that individuals who are 18 or older are considered adults in the eyes of the law. Special Juvenile Police Units: The Act mandates the establishment of special juvenile police units to handle cases involving juveniles. These units are responsible for sensitively and professionally dealing with juvenile offenders. Juvenile Justice Boards (JJBs): The Act establishes Juvenile Justice Boards in each district to oversee cases involving children in conflict with the law. JJBs are responsible for determining the appropriate measures for rehabilitation or punishment of juvenile offenders. Child Welfare Committees (CWCs): The Act also establishes Child Welfare Committees in each district to deal with cases of children in need of care and protection. CWCs are responsible for making decisions about the care and protection of children who are abandoned, orphaned, or at risk. Rehabilitation and Reintegration: The Act emphasizes the rehabilitation and reintegration of juvenile offenders into society. It promotes a restorative justice approach, focusing on reforming rather than punishing young offenders. Trial Procedures for Juveniles: The Act lays down special procedures for the trial of juvenile offenders, including in-camera proceedings to protect their privacy and ensuring a child-friendly environment. Principle of Non-Stigmatization: The Act emphasizes that juvenile offenders should not be stigmatized and that their privacy should be protected. Their identity is not revealed to the public during the course of legal proceedings. Foster Care and Adoption: The Act provides for foster care and adoption as measures for the care and protection of children who are in need. Prohibition of Certain Acts: The Act prohibits certain acts, including the use of juveniles in hazardous occupations and processes.