The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code (IBC) plays a crucial role in National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) proceedings in India, especially when it comes to the resolution of insolvency and bankruptcy cases involving corporate entities. The IBC was introduced to provide a unified framework for dealing with insolvency and bankruptcy matters and to expedite the resolution of distressed companies. Here's how the IBC influences NCLT proceedings: Initiation of Corporate Insolvency Resolution Process (CIRP): The IBC provides a mechanism for initiating the CIRP against a corporate debtor. This process can be triggered by financial creditors, operational creditors, or the corporate debtor itself. The application for CIRP is filed with the NCLT. Appointment of Insolvency Professionals: In the CIRP, an insolvency professional is appointed to manage the affairs of the corporate debtor during the resolution process. The NCLT plays a role in approving the appointment of the insolvency professional. Moratorium: Upon the initiation of the CIRP, a moratorium period comes into effect, during which legal actions against the corporate debtor are stayed. This moratorium helps protect the corporate debtor's assets and allows for the orderly resolution of the insolvency. Submission of Resolution Plans: Potential resolution applicants submit resolution plans to the resolution professional, who then presents them to the NCLT for approval. The NCLT reviews and approves a viable resolution plan that is in the best interest of all stakeholders. Liquidation: If a resolution plan is not approved or if the CIRP fails, the NCLT may order the liquidation of the corporate debtor. The IBC provides a structured process for the sale of assets and distribution of proceeds to creditors in case of liquidation. Adjudication of Claims: The NCLT has the authority to adjudicate and determine the claims of creditors and stakeholders. This is essential for establishing the hierarchy of creditors' rights and the distribution of assets. Approval of Compromises and Arrangements: The NCLT also plays a role in approving compromises, arrangements, and schemes proposed by companies for the resolution of their financial difficulties, ensuring that these are in the best interest of creditors and shareholders. Oversight and Adjudication: The NCLT acts as a judicial body that oversees the entire insolvency resolution or liquidation process, ensuring that it is conducted in accordance with the provisions of the IBC. It also resolves disputes arising during the proceedings. The IBC has significantly improved the efficiency and transparency of insolvency and bankruptcy proceedings in India. It has expedited the resolution of distressed companies, protected the interests of creditors, and facilitated the orderly distribution of assets. The NCLT plays a central role in implementing the provisions of the IBC and ensuring that insolvency proceedings are conducted in a fair and orderly manner.