Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or groups to approach the judiciary to seek justice for matters of public concern. Unlike traditional litigation where the aggrieved party is directly involved, PIL is filed in the interest of the public or a particular community whose rights may be affected. The primary objective of PIL is to ensure that justice is accessible to those who may not be able to approach the court individually and to address issues that have broader public implications. Key features and objectives of Public Interest Litigation include: Broad Representation: PIL allows any citizen or organization to file a petition on behalf of the public or a particular group facing injustice or violation of rights. It broadens the scope of litigation beyond individual grievances. Access to Justice: PIL facilitates access to justice for marginalized or disadvantaged groups who may face barriers in approaching the court individually. It acts as a tool to protect the rights of the underprivileged and vulnerable sections of society. Judicial Activism: PIL often involves judicial activism, where the courts play a proactive role in addressing social issues and enforcing fundamental rights. The judiciary takes suo-motu cognizance of matters or intervenes in response to petitions, ensuring that justice is served in the broader public interest. Human Rights Protection: PIL is frequently used to address issues related to human rights violations, environmental concerns, public health, corruption, and other matters of public importance. It serves as a means to protect and enforce fundamental rights guaranteed by the constitution. Judicial Review: PIL allows the judiciary to review the actions of the government and other public authorities to ensure that they are in compliance with constitutional principles and the rule of law. It acts as a check on the abuse of power. Social Justice: One of the primary objectives of PIL is to promote social justice and equality. It enables the courts to intervene in cases where there is a denial of justice or unfair treatment to a section of society. Preventing Abuse of Power: PIL acts as a deterrent against the abuse of power by public officials and entities. It holds them accountable for their actions and decisions, ensuring transparency and fairness in governance. Legal Aid: PIL often involves providing legal aid or representation to those who cannot afford legal services. It ensures that even the economically disadvantaged can seek justice through the judicial system. Public Interest Litigation has played a crucial role in shaping the legal landscape in many countries, including India. It is seen as a tool for promoting social justice, upholding constitutional values, and addressing systemic issues that affect the public at large.