In India, the legal concept of public trust, particularly in relation to public property, is based on the principles of equity and the idea that certain resources are held by the government or other authorities in trust for the benefit of the public. Public trust doctrine is an integral part of environmental law and plays a significant role in the protection and management of public resources. Here are key aspects of the legal concept of public trust in India: Public Trust Doctrine: The Public Trust Doctrine (PTD) is an unwritten principle derived from the common law, and it has been recognized by the Indian judiciary. The doctrine emphasizes that certain natural resources and assets are held by the government as trustees for the public. Scope of Public Trust Doctrine: The PTD extends to various resources, including water bodies, air, forests, and other natural resources that are considered essential for the well-being and enjoyment of the public. It is not limited to specific statutes but is applied across various environmental and public property laws. State as a Trustee: The government, as the representative of the state, is considered a trustee of these resources. It is obligated to manage and protect these resources for the benefit of the present and future generations. Obligations of the State: The state's obligations under the Public Trust Doctrine include preventing the degradation of natural resources, ensuring sustainable use, and safeguarding these resources from private exploitation that could harm public interests. Judicial Activism: The Indian judiciary has played a crucial role in developing and applying the Public Trust Doctrine. Courts have often intervened to protect public trust resources and have held that the government has a duty to act as a trustee and not as a proprietor in managing such resources. Environmental Protection: The PTD has been invoked in numerous environmental cases to address issues such as pollution, encroachment, and depletion of natural resources. Courts have relied on this doctrine to ensure that public resources are not unlawfully exploited or degraded. Public Access and Enjoyment: The PTD emphasizes public access and enjoyment of certain resources. It implies that the government cannot alienate or transfer public trust resources to private entities if such actions would impede public access or diminish the resource's value for the public. While the Public Trust Doctrine is not explicitly mentioned in legislation, its application has been recognized and reinforced through judicial decisions. The doctrine serves as a vital legal principle in the protection and management of public resources, ensuring that these resources are preserved and utilized for the collective benefit of the public.