In India, arbitrators can be appointed based on the agreement of the parties involved in the arbitration proceedings. The Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 provides guidelines regarding who can be appointed as an arbitrator. Here are the key points regarding the eligibility of arbitrators in India: Natural Persons: Arbitrators must be natural persons and cannot be artificial entities or corporations. Qualifications: Arbitrators must possess the qualifications agreed upon by the parties in the arbitration agreement. Typically, arbitrators are expected to have expertise and experience relevant to the subject matter of the dispute. Neutral and Impartial: Arbitrators must be neutral and impartial. They should not have any conflict of interest that could affect their ability to make fair and unbiased decisions. Nationality: There are no specific nationality requirements for arbitrators in India. However, if the parties have agreed on nationality or residency criteria for arbitrators, those criteria must be followed. Appointment Process: Arbitrators can be appointed in the following ways: By the parties directly agreeing on the appointment of a single arbitrator or a panel of arbitrators. By each party appointing one arbitrator, and the appointed arbitrators then selecting a presiding arbitrator or chairperson. By a designated appointing authority, such as an institution or organization, if the parties are unable to agree on the appointment of arbitrators. Challenges and Removal: Any party can challenge the appointment of an arbitrator if there are grounds for challenge, such as lack of qualifications, bias, or conflict of interest. The Act also provides provisions for the removal of arbitrators under certain circumstances. Role and Duties: Arbitrators have the responsibility to conduct fair and efficient arbitration proceedings, hear the parties' arguments and evidence, make reasoned decisions, and issue arbitral awards in accordance with the law. Overall, the flexibility provided in the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 allows parties to appoint arbitrators of their choice, subject to certain qualifications and procedural requirements, ensuring a fair and effective arbitration process in India.