In India, the legal framework for marriage allows for certain provisions where one or both parties may not be physically present in the country. Here’s how individuals can proceed with a court marriage in such circumstances: 1. Special Marriage Act, 1954 The Special Marriage Act, 1954, governs court marriages in India, providing a civil marriage option irrespective of the couple's religion. 1.1 Notice of Intended Marriage Notice Period: The parties must give a notice of intended marriage to the Marriage Officer of the district where at least one of the parties has resided for a minimum of 30 days prior to the notice. Publication and Objections: The notice is published, and a 30-day waiting period is given for any objections. 1.2 Presence Requirement Physical Presence: Typically, both parties are required to be present before the Marriage Officer on the date of marriage for the formalities and signing of the declaration. Exception: If one party cannot be physically present, they can grant a power of attorney (PoA) to a trusted individual to represent them. 2. Power of Attorney Execution of PoA: The absentee party must execute a power of attorney before a Notary Public or Indian Consulate in the country where they are residing. Submission to Marriage Officer: The PoA holder can then act on behalf of the absentee party during the marriage proceedings. Legal Validity: The Marriage Officer verifies the authenticity and legality of the power of attorney. 3. Marriage Registration and Formalities Declaration and Witnesses: The marriage declaration is signed by both parties (or one party and the PoA holder) in the presence of three witnesses and the Marriage Officer. Issuance of Marriage Certificate: After compliance with the necessary formalities, the Marriage Officer issues the marriage certificate. 4. Foreign Marriage Act, 1969 If both parties are Indian citizens residing abroad, they can marry under the Foreign Marriage Act, 1969. Procedure: The marriage is solemnized by a Marriage Officer in the Indian Consulate, following similar notice and publication requirements. Practical Steps Consult Legal Experts: To ensure compliance with all legal requirements, consult a legal expert or a marriage registrar. Documentation: Prepare all necessary documents, including proof of age, address, nationality, and the power of attorney. Verification and Approval: Ensure all documents are verified and approved by relevant authorities. Conclusion Individuals can marry in court in India even if one or both parties are not physically present, using a power of attorney. This process requires careful adherence to legal formalities to ensure the marriage is valid under Indian law. If you have specific circumstances or need further assistance, consulting a legal professional is advisable.