In India, the law addresses cases of corruption and bribery through various statutes, regulations, and legal frameworks aimed at preventing corruption and prosecuting offenders. Here are the key legal provisions and mechanisms: Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988: This is the primary legislation dealing with corruption in India. It criminalizes various forms of corruption, including: Acceptance of bribes by public servants. Giving bribes to public servants to obtain any favorable action. The offense of bribery is punishable with imprisonment and/or fines, depending on the severity of the offense. The Act also includes provisions for the prosecution of private individuals involved in corruption-related offenses. Indian Penal Code (IPC): Certain sections of the IPC address offenses related to bribery and corruption, such as: Section 161: Punishment for public servant taking gratification, for exercise of personal influence. Section 162: Taking gratification for exercise of personal influence in cases. Section 163: Taking gratification, for the exercise of personal influence in any case, which is punishable with imprisonment and/or fines. Central Vigilance Commission (CVC): The CVC is an apex governmental body established to address corruption in public administration. It oversees vigilance and anti-corruption efforts in government departments and organizations. The CVC can investigate complaints of corruption and recommend disciplinary action against public servants. Lokpal and Lokayuktas Act, 2013: This Act establishes a Lokpal at the central level and Lokayuktas at the state level to investigate allegations of corruption against public officials, including the Prime Minister, ministers, and bureaucrats. The Lokpal has the authority to investigate complaints, conduct inquiries, and recommend action against corrupt officials. Whistleblower Protection Act, 2014: This Act provides protection to individuals who report instances of corruption or wrongdoing in government or public sector organizations. It aims to encourage whistleblowing by ensuring that whistleblowers are protected from harassment and retaliation. Investigation Agencies: Various agencies are empowered to investigate corruption-related offenses, including: The Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI): Investigates corruption cases involving central government employees. The Enforcement Directorate (ED): Deals with economic offenses, including money laundering related to corruption. Judicial Framework: Courts in India have interpreted laws related to corruption and bribery and have established legal precedents on matters of corruption. The judiciary plays a crucial role in adjudicating corruption cases and upholding accountability. Corporate Fraud: The Companies Act, 2013, includes provisions to address corporate fraud and corruption within companies, promoting transparency and ethical practices in business operations. International Treaties and Conventions: India is a signatory to various international conventions against corruption, such as the United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC). These treaties obligate member states to implement measures to combat corruption and enhance cooperation in investigations. Public Awareness Campaigns: The government and various civil society organizations conduct public awareness campaigns to educate citizens about the ill effects of corruption and encourage reporting of corrupt practices. In summary, the legal framework in India addressing corruption and bribery includes the Prevention of Corruption Act, provisions of the IPC, regulatory bodies like the CVC and Lokpal, investigative agencies, and judicial oversight. These mechanisms aim to prevent corruption, ensure accountability, and provide remedies for victims of corrupt practices.