In India, insurance coverage for business interruption is generally governed by specific provisions under commercial insurance policies. The legal framework for such coverage includes: Business Interruption Insurance: This is a type of insurance designed to cover the loss of income that a business suffers after a disaster. It compensates for the loss of revenue and ongoing expenses that a business incurs when it cannot operate due to an insured peril, such as fire, natural calamities, or accidents. It typically covers the loss of profit and additional costs incurred to mitigate the interruption (e.g., renting temporary premises). Standard Fire and Special Perils Policy: Under this policy, business interruption is usually covered if the interruption is due to a fire or other covered perils like storm, earthquake, or theft. This policy includes coverage for loss of income resulting from an insured event that prevents the business from operating as usual. Fire Insurance Act, 1887: While primarily covering physical damage to property, the Fire Insurance Act also provides a basis for business interruption claims in cases where the fire (or similar incidents) disrupts business operations. The policy may cover loss of profits or revenue, continuing expenses (like salaries), and fixed costs during the period of interruption. Indian Contract Act, 1872: Insurance contracts, including business interruption insurance, are governed by the Indian Contract Act, 1872. This act ensures that the contract is legally binding and that claims made under business interruption policies must adhere to the terms and conditions of the insurance agreement. Breach of contract, such as misrepresentation or failure to notify the insurer promptly, can affect the validity of claims. The Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India (IRDAI): IRDAI, the regulatory authority for the insurance sector in India, lays down guidelines for the standardization of insurance policies, including business interruption insurance. The authority ensures that insurance companies offer clear terms regarding coverage, exclusions, and claims processes. Force Majeure Clauses: While not a specific insurance provision, businesses often include force majeure clauses in contracts. These clauses may relieve businesses from liability or responsibility in cases of unforeseen events (like pandemics or natural disasters) that cause interruption. However, businesses must check if such events are covered under their insurance policies or are explicitly excluded. Exclusions in Business Interruption Policies: Business interruption policies generally do not cover losses resulting from events that are not specified in the policy, such as economic downturns, political risks, or pandemics (unless specifically included). In the event of a business interruption, the insurer typically requires documentation proving the extent of the loss, the duration of the interruption, and the cause of the disruption. The compensation is usually based on the actual loss of income or profits, up to the limit of coverage specified in the policy.