Yes, software can be protected under Indian copyright law. Software, whether in the form of source code or object code, is recognized as a literary work under the Copyright Act, 1957. This means that the creator or author of the software holds exclusive rights to the work, including its reproduction, distribution, and adaptation. Key Points of Software Protection under Indian Copyright Law: Eligibility for Protection: Software (including computer programs) is considered a literary work under Section 2(o) of the Copyright Act, 1957. The protection applies to the source code, object code, and related documentation of the software. Rights Granted to the Author: The author (or copyright holder) has the exclusive right to: Reproduce the software (e.g., making copies of the program). Distribute copies of the software to the public (e.g., selling or licensing). Adapt or modify the software (e.g., making changes to the source code). Translate the software (e.g., converting the software into a different language or format). Public Performance (e.g., running the software publicly). These rights are granted for a period of 60 years from the year of creation of the work (or from the year of the author's death, in the case of a work created by an individual). Registration of Copyright: While registration of copyright is not mandatory in India, it is advisable to register software with the Copyright Office to establish proof of ownership and to provide a record of the copyright in case of disputes. The registration can be done online and includes the submission of details about the software, including its source code and object code. Infringement of Copyright: Unauthorized use, reproduction, distribution, or modification of software without the consent of the copyright holder is considered copyright infringement. Legal action can be taken against the infringer under the Copyright Act, which provides for both civil and criminal remedies, including injunctions, damages, and imprisonment. Exceptions to Copyright: Certain acts may be exempted from infringement, such as: Fair use for purposes like research, criticism, or private study. Reverse engineering of software may be allowed under specific circumstances, particularly if required for interoperability or to make the software work with other software. Backup copies of software for personal use may be allowed, but it must be in accordance with the license agreement. Licensing and Open-Source Software: The creator of software can choose to license the software under specific terms (e.g., proprietary license or open-source license). In the case of open-source software, the copyright holder grants permission for the software to be freely used, modified, and distributed, subject to the terms of the open-source license. Conclusion: Under Indian copyright law, software is afforded protection as a literary work. The creator of the software has exclusive rights over its use, reproduction, and distribution, and can take legal action in case of infringement. However, for the protection to be enforceable, it is advisable to register the software with the Copyright Office.