Yes, a cheque bounce case can be filed even if the cheque was issued as security under certain circumstances, provided the cheque was issued in the course of a legal or financial transaction and there was a dishonoring of the cheque. Under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, a cheque can be dishonored (bounced) if the drawer (the person who issued the cheque) does not have sufficient funds in their account or for other reasons, such as a closed account or a mismatch in signatures. This provision applies to all cheques, whether they were issued for the payment of money or as a security. Key Points Regarding Cheques Issued as Security: Cheques as Security: A cheque issued as a security typically serves as a guarantee or collateral for a debt or obligation. In such cases, the cheque is not intended for immediate payment but may be presented for payment if there is a default or breach of contract. Legality of Filing a Case: Even if the cheque was issued as a security, it still qualifies as a negotiable instrument under Indian law. If the cheque is dishonored due to insufficient funds or other reasons, the holder of the cheque (the person to whom the cheque was issued) can file a case under Section 138. Conditions for Filing a Case: The same conditions apply to a cheque issued as a security: The cheque must be presented to the bank within three months from the date of issuance. The cheque must be dishonored (bounced). The holder must issue a demand notice to the drawer within 30 days from the date of dishonor, informing them about the bounced cheque and demanding payment. If the drawer fails to make payment within 15 days of receiving the notice, the holder can initiate legal action. Intent of the Issuance: Whether a cheque is issued as a security or as a payment instrument, the drawer is still bound by the legal obligation to ensure sufficient funds in the account to honor the cheque. If the drawer refuses or fails to honor the cheque, they are liable under Section 138 for dishonoring the cheque. Court’s View: The court may consider the context in which the cheque was issued. If the cheque was issued as security for a loan or a similar transaction, and the drawer defaults on the obligation, the holder can use the cheque to recover the outstanding amount by initiating the cheque bounce case. Conclusion: Yes, a cheque bounce case can be filed even if the cheque was issued as security. As long as the conditions under Section 138 of the Negotiable Instruments Act are met (e.g., dishonor of cheque, demand notice, failure to pay), the payee (the person holding the cheque) can initiate legal action for dishonor of cheque. The legal process and penalties are the same, regardless of whether the cheque was issued for payment or as a security.