In Indian patent law, a patent cannot be renewed after its expiry under normal circumstances. Once the 20-year term of a patent has ended, the patent automatically lapses, and the invention enters the public domain, meaning anyone can use it freely without the patentee's permission. Key Points: 1. Term of a Patent: A patent in India is valid for 20 years from the date of filing of the patent application. To maintain this validity, the patentee must pay annual renewal (maintenance) fees from the 3rd year onward. 2. Lapse Due to Non-Payment of Renewal Fees: If the patentee fails to pay the renewal fees, the patent lapses before the 20-year term. In such cases, restoration may be possible (not renewal), but only within 18 months from the date of lapse, and only if the lapse was unintentional. 3. No Renewal After Full Expiry: After the full 20-year term is over, there is no provision in Indian patent law to renew or extend the patent. The invention becomes part of the public domain and is no longer protected by patent rights. 4. No Extension Provisions Like in Some Other Countries: Unlike the U.S. or EU, India does not provide extensions for pharmaceutical or other patents through mechanisms like Supplementary Protection Certificates (SPCs) or patent term adjustments. Restoration vs Renewal: Restoration: Allowed only if the patent lapses before its expiry due to non-payment and the patentee applies within the allowed time. Renewal: Not applicable after the full 20-year term ends. Summary: A patent cannot be renewed after its expiry in India. Once the 20-year term is over, the rights lapse permanently, and the invention enters the public domain. Restoration is only possible before expiry in limited cases of unintentional non-payment of renewal fees.