In India, Waqf (endowment) is governed by the Waqf Act, 1995, which regulates the administration and management of Waqf properties. A Waqf is a permanent dedication of movable or immovable property by a Muslim for religious, charitable, or pious purposes. Key Rules for Waqf in India Creation of Waqf A person (Waqif) donates property for religious, charitable, or social welfare purposes. Once created, Waqf is irrevocable, meaning the property cannot be sold, transferred, or inherited. The property is managed by a Mutawalli (caretaker) appointed by the Waqf Board or the founder. Role of the Waqf Board Each state has a State Waqf Board to oversee Waqf properties. The Central Waqf Council (CWC) supervises and advises State Waqf Boards. Management of Waqf Property The Mutawalli must use the property as per Waqf’s objectives and submit accounts to the Waqf Board. Misuse or unauthorized sale of Waqf property is illegal. Legal Protection Waqf properties are protected from encroachment under the Waqf Act, 1995. The government can remove encroachments and restore Waqf land. Disputes and Jurisdiction Waqf disputes are handled by the Waqf Tribunal, not regular civil courts. Illegal occupation of Waqf land can lead to penalties or eviction orders.
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