Role of the GST Council in Resolving Issues 1. Overview: - The GST Council is a constitutional body established under Article 279A of the Indian Constitution to make recommendations on GST-related matters. - It consists of the Union Finance Minister (Chairperson), the Union Minister of State for Finance, and Finance Ministers of all States. 2. Functions Related to Dispute Resolution: - Making recommendations on tax rates, exemptions, threshold limits, GST laws, and procedures. - Addressing inter-state disputes arising under GST, including issues related to Integrated GST (IGST) distribution. - Proposing amendments to GST laws to clarify ambiguities or address grievances raised by states or industry stakeholders. 3. Mechanism for Resolving Issues: - Consultative Approach: Issues are discussed in GST Council meetings where decisions are made by consensus or voting. - Dispute Resolution Authority (Proposed): The GST Council has the power to recommend setting up a mechanism to resolve disputes between states or between the Center and states. - Special Committees & Panels: Expert committees are sometimes formed to examine specific issues and make recommendations. 4. Voting Mechanism: - Decisions in the GST Council require a three-fourths majority of the weighted votes. - The Central Government’s vote has a weightage of one-third, while the states’ votes have a weightage of two-thirds. 5. Significance of GST Council in Dispute Resolution: - Ensures uniformity in taxation across states. - Provides a platform for cooperative federalism where states and the Center work together to resolve disputes amicably. - Facilitates quick decision-making on various issues, promoting ease of doing business.