If a business fails to register for Goods and Services Tax (GST) when it is required to do so, it can face several legal and financial consequences under Indian law: Penalties: The business can be levied a penalty for failure to register. As per Section 122 of the CGST Act, the penalty for non-registration can range from 10% of the tax due or ₹10,000, whichever is higher. Liability to Pay Taxes: The business will still be liable to pay the GST on its transactions even if it has not registered. The tax authorities may demand payment of taxes that should have been paid, along with interest for the delay in payment. Interest on Late Payment: If the business fails to register and pay taxes on time, interest will be charged on the outstanding amount at the rate prescribed by the GST law. Interest is typically calculated on the amount of tax not paid on time. Prosecution: In severe cases of willful evasion or fraudulent activity, the business owner may face prosecution under Section 122 and Section 132 of the CGST Act. This can lead to imprisonment along with penalties. Non-Availment of Input Tax Credit (ITC): If a business is not registered, it will not be eligible to claim Input Tax Credit (ITC) on its purchases. This increases the overall cost of doing business as it cannot offset the GST paid on inputs against the GST collected on sales. Ineligibility to Collect GST: The business will also be ineligible to collect GST from its customers, which can affect its sales and transactions, especially if clients expect GST compliance. In summary, failure to register for GST can result in penalties, tax liabilities, interest, legal consequences, and loss of benefits like ITC, affecting the business's operations and financial standing.