Talaq-e-Biddat is a form of divorce under Muslim law, commonly known as triple talaq. It involves a husband pronouncing the word "talaq" (divorce) three times, either in one sitting or over a period of time, to terminate the marriage. Key Features of Talaq-e-Biddat: Triple Talaq: The husband pronounces the word "talaq" three times, typically in one sitting, either in person, over the phone, or through written communication (such as a letter or text). Irrevocable: After the third pronouncement of talaq, the divorce is considered final and irrevocable under this method, and the wife is no longer considered married to the husband. No Waiting Period: Unlike other forms of talaq, Talaq-e-Biddat does not require the husband and wife to wait for any period before the divorce becomes effective. No Need for Witnesses: This form of divorce does not require any witnesses or judicial intervention. It is a personal declaration made by the husband. Is Talaq-e-Biddat Valid in India? In India, Talaq-e-Biddat was initially recognized under Muslim personal law. However, it has faced significant legal challenges and reforms. Supreme Court Ruling (2017): The Supreme Court of India declared Talaq-e-Biddat unconstitutional in August 2017 in the landmark judgment in Shayara Bano v. Union of India. The Court ruled that Talaq-e-Biddat was unilateral, arbitrary, and discriminatory against women and therefore violated fundamental rights under the Indian Constitution. The Supreme Court held that triple talaq was not a valid practice under Indian law and directed the government to take legislative action to address the issue. The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019: In response to the Supreme Court's ruling, the Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 was passed by the Indian Parliament. The Act made Talaq-e-Biddat (triple talaq) illegal and void. Any Muslim man who pronounces triple talaq faces imprisonment for up to three years and a fine. The law also provides protection to the woman, allowing her to seek maintenance and custody of minor children. Conclusion: Talaq-e-Biddat (triple talaq) was declared invalid and unconstitutional by the Supreme Court of India in 2017, and it is no longer considered a valid form of divorce in India. The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Marriage) Act, 2019 made this practice illegal and punishable by law, ensuring greater protection for Muslim women in the country.